SWOT and Porter Five Forces Analysis of Royal Dutch Shell The WritePass Journal

SWOT and Porter Five Forces Analysis of Royal Dutch Shell Abstract SWOT and Porter Five Forces Analysis of Royal Dutch Shell . The company’s major strength includes a global presence with globally recognized brands, growing financial strength, significant manufacturing and technological capabilities and diversified portfolio of products. The global operations of the company are associated with difficulties of standardising quality due to varied operational conditions. Furthermore, the company is faced with stiff competition from the leading suppliers in the industry including Exxon Mobil Corporation, Total S.A. and BP Plc. However, the company can use differentiation strategy capitalizing on its globally recognized brands to establish a competitive edge over the competitors. In addition, the company can expand its global presence through striking strategic partnerships with local small companies in foreign markets to enhance penetration in the markets. Introduction Royal Dutch Shell plc commonly known as Shell is an independent company with its registered office located in LondonUK and headquartered in The Hague, Netherlands operating in the oil and gas industry globally (Reuters, 2012). The operations of the company are divided into three main segments including; Downstream, Upstream and Projects and Technology. The Upstream segment combines activities involved in the search for and recovery, liquefaction and transportation of oils and natural gas and wind energy. The Downstream segment is engaged in the activities of manufacturing, distributing and marketing of chemicals and oil products. Finally, the Projects and Technology segment includes all the critical support functions of the company’s core business in the Upstream and Downstream segments (Shell Plc, 2012). In 2011, the company had revenues of 470,171million US Dollars and based on these revenues, the company is ranked as the second largest company worldwide (Bloomberg, 2012). A s at the close of business on Tuesday 11th December 2012, the company was ranked as number one on the FTSE100 Index with a market capitalization of 135,511.7million US Dollars (Stock Challenge, 2012). Â  Shell SWOT Analysis The company has a number of strengths. Firstly, Royal Dutch Shell Plc is a leading company globally in the Oil and Gas industry with global presence in many countries. Consequently, the company derives its strength in this global image in the industry. Secondly, the company has recorded growing financial performance since the 2008/2009 economic downturn. It therefore has a strong capital base for competing in the competitive industry. Thirdly, the company has established strong brands recognized globally like Shell V-Power and the Shell FuelSave. Finally, the company has strong exploration and technological capability as an internal strength coupled with a diversified portfolio of products in the upstream and downstream segments of the company (Shell Plc, 2012). The size and scale of the global operations of company may be a weakness due to the difficulties of the company to control quality and standards of its products since the operational conditions of different refinery sites differ. This also impacts negatively on the administrative efficiency and effectiveness of the company’s management. Exposure to different regulatory regimes through the global presence of the company presents difficulties in formulating uniform policies applicable to the global operations of the company (Shell Plc, 2012). There is increasing awareness and concern for environmental sanity where reduced carbon emission is a necessary consideration for most oil-related products. Consequently, there is increasing demand for liquefied natural gas as a source of clean energy. This is likely to increase the company’s revenues from liquefied natural gas. There are also opportunities for the company to expand to the emerging economies like China through joint ventures, mergers and acquisitions like acquisition of Neste Oil Oyj in Poland (Reuters, 2012b). The economic slowdown in the US and European Union due to the debt crises involving member countries presents a threat to the company’s profitability. Terrorism activities threaten the company’s global functions by increasing related business operational expenses. Increasing strict environmental regulations is also a threat to the current and future operations of the company which will require more efficient and environment friendly exploration and manufacturing technologies. Fluctuating interest rates and the war in the Middle East countries is also a threat to the company due to its global operations. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis of Shell Porter (2008, p.80) identifies five forces that can be used to analyse the competitiveness of a company’s industry of operation. The forces include the threat of new entrants, threat of substitutes, bargaining power of suppliers and buyers and rivalry among existing competitors. Royal Dutch Shell Plc has established large scale operations in more than 80countries enjoying economies of scale, global image with established strong brands which makes it hard for new entrants. Therefore the threat of new entrants is low due to the high capital requirements to set up operations. Threats of substitutes are high for the company. This is because oil-related products, chemicals and natural gas produced by different companies are highly substitutable. Major competitor products can be used as substitutes for the company’s products. Therefore, the threat of substitutes for the company is high. Royal Dutch Shell Plc has embraced a vertical integration growth strategy which involves acquiring and merging with companies at different levels of operation and therefore it has significant influence on its supply chain. Furthermore, the company has enhanced its technological capacity through the projects and technology segment of its business (Reuters, 2012). Therefore, the bargaining power of suppliers is low. Oil and gas are essential products in any economy. Economic production processes in an economy make use of oil. This explains why in some developing countries oil supply is under state agencies. Furthermore, the oil industry is characterized by companies coming together to form cartels that would enable them control the market (Bloomberg, 2012). Furthermore, most of the buyers of oil products buy in bulk and therefore loss of one buyer would significantly affect the company’s revenue. Consequently, the bargaining power of buyers is medium. The major competitors of the company include Exxon Mobil Corporation, Total S.A. and BP Plc which have also established global presence in the oil and gas industry (Hoovers, 2012). Rivalry with these companies is high due to branding and differentiation strategies applied by the companies in their operations globally. The companies have established brands recognized globally and major clientele which makes rivalry in the industry high. Conclusion Royal Dutch Shell Plc has established strong brands recognized globally enhancing its image in the global market. Despite the complexities and risks that are associated with the global operations of the company, there are opportunities for the company to expand and grow its operations in the emerging markets. The company can use a differentiation strategy to position its products globally as superior using its brand names. To deal with the risks of globalized operations, it is advisable that the company use strategic partnerships with the local operators in the new markets to enhance its penetration in the markets. Furthermore, the company can establish its competitive advantage increasing its control over the supply chain through more vertical integration mergers and acquisitions. Lastly, to increase efficiency of the company’s operations, there is need for re-engineering of the production process and adoption of new efficiency technologies. References Bloomberg, (2012) Royal Dutch Shell Plc Financial Statements, available at http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=RDSA:LN accessed on 14th December, 2012. Hoovers, (2012) Top Competitors for Royal Dutch Shell Plc, available at hoovers.com/company-information/cs/competition.Royal_Dutch_Shell_plc.01e84f5552dabef3.html accessed on 14th December, 2012. Porter M. E. (2008) The Five Forces that Shape Strategy, Harvard Business Review, pp.79-94. Reuters, (2012) Royal Dutch Shell PLC: Company Overview, available at reuters.com/finance/stocks/overview?symbol=RDSa.L accessed on 14th December, 2012. Reuters, (2012b) Royal Dutch Shell PLC: Latest Key Developments, available at reuters.com/finance/stocks/RDSa.L/key-developments accessed on 14th December, 2012. Shell Plc, (2012) Our Business: Shell is Organised into: Upstream, Downstream and Projects and Technology, available at shell.com/home/content/aboutshell/our_business/ accessed on 14th December, 2012. Stock Challenge, (2012) FTSE All-Share Index Ranking as at Close on Tuesday, 11th December 2012, available at stockchallenge.co.uk/ftse.php accessed on 12th December, 2012.

Many organizations develop strategic plans Assignment

Many organizations develop strategic plans - Assignment Example Since then, this system has been effectively utilized for the purpose of translating an organization’s active business strategies along with its broad mission. In addition, the balanced scorecard has also been used in a few of the most critical drivers that drives the future performance of an organization i.e. business processes, capabilities along with resources. These aspects have been fruitful in ascertaining a greater set of outcomes such as meeting the interests of the consumers along with the development and prosperity of organizations. All these facets of balanced scorecard can prove to be beneficial as it authenticates that the numerous private, public along with not-for-profit organizations have accepted and utilized this particular method. It has also been regarded as a part of their overall strategic management approach. Based on this factor, the authenticity along with the wide applicability of the balanced scorecard in relation to the execution of strategy can be determined. It has also been studied that this particular tool is utilized in order to reduce a lot of operational barriers in a highly professional manner (Claude, 2008). In addition, it has also been learnt that the balanced scorecard can be utilized in a very strategic manner as well. ... Over the years, balanced scorecard has provided great aid to numerous organizations along with suppliers for designing and implementing various strategies. All these factors combined together have been responsible for overcoming the vision barrier to a very large extent. In this regard, Kaplan was able to define the increasing rate of barriers that seem to put the operational capacities of various organizations at stake. In this similar regard, he has also explained that through sustained organizational efforts along with optimum utilization of this particular scorecard, a large number of organizational barriers could be averted. In a different context, Norton, Kaplan and others have delivered weightage on the fact that in order to achieve all round success in an organization, the scorecard needs to be utilized in a tricky manner. They explained that in order to create organizational success, clarity in the communication strategy is needed to be maintained at all levels. This results in the formation of effective strategies as well (Claude, 2008; Niven, 2010). Section 2: A. Critique of the Division’s Use of the Balanced Scorecard The balanced scorecard highlighted upon the most important aspects such as increase undergraduate student retention and engagement, develop students as ethical leaders and agents of positive change among others. All these aspect combined together have proved the authenticity of the balanced scorecard. Other aspects such as increased retention and graduation rates for targeted populations and decreased violations of community standards among others validate the division’s use of the Balanced Scorecard.

Preparation for a Performance Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Preparation for a Performance Review - Essay Example I was able to achieve what I planned to do in the next six months regarding growth and stability for achieving a reputable position in the organization as well as developing the skills to work in a team. As a CIPD professional, it is one of the requirements for being an associate member of CIPD that the candidate should have good interpersonal and technical skills. In the past few months, I have been successful in improving my interpersonal and technical skills. Important Points for Future Now I need to make another plan of how to go about next six months and then make sure that my new plans are accomplished. My invitation for having a meeting was not accepted by two executives that I emailed, and now I need to send the initiation to more people or maybe I can use references to have an interview with an executive. I planned to conduct an interview to know about how employees work and behave in a professional working environment as well. From this interview, I wanted to do a gap analy sis and identify the areas for improvements in my personality. I have been successful in improving my communication skills as well as ability to work in teams and lead the team. Therefore the past few months have been exceptional in terms of improving my ability. However, it is critical for me to identify important points that I need to learn in future. For this, I will conduct a SWOT analysis of my personality and then will prepare another PDP for the development of next 12 months. Using SWOT analysis, I will be able to identify my weaknesses and strengths as well as the opportunities that I have along with the threats. SWOT Analysis Strengths To gel with other team members Effective team player Can... The module has helped me to know about the importance of CIPD and associated members of CIPD. This module has been useful in making me learn about the personal development. I have learned that it is a continuous process and the person has to continuously learn about developing the skills to become a successful professional. I learned that it is important to first identify, plan, take actions and then review these actions in order to consciously improve and become a successful professional. Therefore a person has to keep on improving and evaluating his skills and actions so that he can become a qualified person. Moreover, I prepared some SMART objectives in the module so that at the end of the module, I would be able to learn and develop my skills. The first part of the module also helped me in analyzing my personality, my strengths, and my weaknesses. By analyzing my own strengths and weaknesses, I was able to analyze what I need to learn in the next few months.

Comment on how Baz Luhrmann uses video Essay Example for Free

Comment on how Baz Luhrmann uses video Essay Romeo and Juliet, is a play written by William Shakespeare in the late sixteenth century in fair Verona. This is an ultimate love story between the only children of two powerful enemies , both alike in dignity These two households bear an ancient grudge. Within this hate Romeo and Juliets love cannot survive, and they are driven by this hate to death. From this 1595 classic play, Baz Luhrmann got the job of wielding it in to a twentieth centaury blockbuster. He did this by using many different techniques, and even though he keeps the original dialogue, he changes many classic features of the play to give this modern feel to it. Such as horses to cars, Swords to guns and villages to cities are several examples. As the film starts, the opening shot is of a modern day television. It is shown speaking as a newsreader, speaking as a chorus would on stage, giving background knowledge to the audience watching. This television reflects Luhrmanns modern setting, showing how the film will be set, rather than the one in which the written play was set. The TV represents the media, as our main source of information. Just as the chorus would be, stood on stage, addressing the audience, giving them required information. The headline upon the TV reads , Star-crossed lovers, and above a picture of a ring split in two, showing both the themes of love and hate. How the pair had love enough to marry, though within their families there was hate enough to drive the couple to take their lives. Their love was doomed to die, the ring shows how they could not be together as reflected in one of the chorus lines , death marked love. One extremely short though effective camera shot, zooms down the middle of a main street, with many high raised buildings, until focusing upon a large statue of Christ. Showing that religion will play some part within the play/film. Here loud dramatic music kicks in. This music tells us that the play is going to be very powerful and dramatic. The choruss first line appears white upon black, in fair Verona. White and black are usually associated with good and bad. Showing two main features of the film. Again the image of Christs face appears, a close up camera shot, recoiling to show two large skyscrapers dominating the skyline. Each bearing separate names, Montague and Capulet, showing the large gap between them, they are different. The sheer size of the buildings tells us they are wealthy families, but separate. The statue of Christ is stood in the middle, showing again the religious society in which the film is set. Still with the dramatic music playing building up aura, images of police vehicles- cars and helicopters burn across the screen. Quick images. Images of conflict, linking the families with violence and ultimately the law. The music quietens, though still strong and menacing, as a voice over man speaks the same lines as already spoken by the chorus. Now the images are shown slower, two households both alike in dignity showing the two families, again separated by Jesus, sour looks upon the heads faces; hate and malcontent, though smiles upon the childrens; happy, contented faces, with no worries. Leading on to images of flames, representing hell, hatred and death. Headlines of newspapers flash upon the screen, linking again with the theme of the media and the modern setting. Showing there must be public interest in the growing feud between the two families, and again highlighting the conflict between the two families. Extremely short images are shown of police helping civilians escape the troubles caused by this abhorrence between the Montagues and the Capulets. The music had died down up until the point of take their life, where it picks up again adding atmosphere and letting the audience know there is great tragedy within the film. Another modern technique is then used. Just as characters on television programs are introduced or how western wanted posters are displayed, some of the main characters are initiated. These images build great suspense though shows a building power within the play/film. Two important images from later on in the film flash upon the screen, though they are very insignificant at this point, just adding suspense and wonder at this early stage. The music reaches a peek as the now familiar words of the prologue flash upon the screen. The words white on black, suspense, power, the words showing love, lust, hatred and tragedy. Followed by random images shooting across the screen, fireworks, choir boys singing in a loud wild fashion. Guns, characters, light and dark images showing good and evil. Loud bangs of gunshots, police helicopters, blood, raging images demonstrating excitement and apprehension to the audience. Now with the music at a climax, the words in bold print of Romeo + Juliet linger upon the screen. The + in blood red symbolising bloodshed and conflict, it is also shaped like a cross, to continue the religious theme of the film. The words are white upon black, illustrating good and evil. Here the music changes and a bouncier, more funky, modern tune kicks in as the boys come on to the screen. These three wear brightly coloured shirts- reds and lime greens, indicating good and to me fun. Though with the first line spoken you realise the Montague boys hate the Capulets. The boys are presented whizzing down a highway in an expensive looking yellow convertible, again suggesting warmth and fun. They are cool, with open shirts, brightly coloured hair, shades on heads and tattoos over their bodies. They are excitable, casual and looking at them they would not pose any threat. The car has a personalised number plate, Mon-005, Verona beach again showing wealth. The camera shot is at the front of the car as it comes in to the gas station, here there is a sound of screeching tyres, the piping of horns and basically excitable boyish behaviour. Benvolio- Romeos cousin does not come across as uncompromising, he tries to detach himself from the quarrel between the two families masters. Where as the other two Montague boys are very eager and want to be involved this is sown in their faces as a face close up is shown. Here Benvolio turns and another facial close up is shown, his face twisted almost looking in disgust as he turns and walks away. Here the camera turns moving across to another pump as an expensive looking blue car pulls calmly in to the station. Blue suggesting coldness and the slow speed suggests that the driver is not excitable like the Montague boys but serious. The music suddenly changes from hip to a western style tune as another personalised number plate is shown Cap-005, Verona beach. The camera is swung around with a whooping sound and rests upon a close up of the bottom of the car door opening and a pair of western style cowboy boots stepping from the car. Here the frame freezes on the boot touching the ground, Cooley and calmly and in this freeze frame he displays the words The Capulet boys with western style music playing to continue the western style theme. The boots walk away through a door the sound of spurs following, tension building as the camera shot moves again from the western boots to shoes and tights and the giggling of little girls over the western music. Leading back to more dark cowboy boots with spurs. The shoes belong to a Nun with a class of children and each side of their people carries resides a car of each of the two families. The two families torment the nun and her party in a very cocky sort of manor, exceptionally intimidating. So as the nun and her party speeds away to escape further torment, the two families are revealed to each other for the first time. The fun and idiocy of the Montagues turns to fear, as Abra-Capulet is revealed. Here another facial close-up is shown. Abra wears dark menacing colours (oranges, blacks and reds- colours associated with hell. ) He has a goatee beard an earring and a silver chain with cross hanging around his neck. He has the look of a typical gunslinger, someone who could be extremely dangerous. The music is now changed, as a more electric tune plays more menacing and threatening than before, highlighting the danger of this man. Fear is shown in the Montagues faces, shocked by the appearance of a known enemy. This man alarms them and with this abrupt entrance one of the boys makes a quick movement to reveal the butt of his pistol. A fast frightened movement, followed by the facial shot of a frightened face and the sound of a reluctant gasp, signifying the fear and tension between the two families. Here there is a shot of the face of Abra moving down his body and showing the slow movements of his hands to reveal the butt of his own pistol, engraved with the word Capulet, just as the Montagues gun was engraved with the word Montague, reflecting wealth yet again. The movements are menacingly slow, so calm and cool. Then suddenly a loud hissing sound like a serpent as Abra snarls revealing the word sin engraved on a silver plaque on his teeth. The camera is at a straight close up angle. The shot is both threatening and frightening. Here all the sounds stop as the Montagues sink back in to the car relieved that no harm has come to them. Though the Capulets are amused by the impression they have made upon the Montagues and laugh profusely showing they do not feel threatened at all by their presence but take them more as a joke than any thing else. The Montagues took this wind up a little too lightly and decide to make a second move. Here one of the Montagues bites their thumb at the Capulets. This is shown as a close up with a silly sound coming from the mouth of the offending Montague. Now there is anger and hate starting to show as the montages reverse the car, with the noise of screeching tyres, and the sound of a quick furious sounding, loud blast of music showing anger. The caplets sling loud though slow angry words at the Montages who return fast frightened words trying to calm the situation. Though as the camera shot goes to the toilet door, the quick shocking music picks up again and Benvolio appears-an image of a peace maker leading to a close up of Benvolios gun with a change back to western music. Here with gun drawn, a close up of Benvolios apprehensive face fills the screen and silence falls. Here only the sound of an old creaky sign is heard blowing in the wind, un-nerving Benvolio further and continuing the western theme. The camera swizzles around to an image of a close up cigar being lit and a match being dropped to the ground by Tybalt-the prince of cats. Juliets cousin Landing close to his feet, though still burning. The music playing slowly and quietly, adding tension and atmosphere. Now there is a major close up of tybalts face. He has the look of the devil, slick black hair with tiny matching beard. He has pointed teeth that only a close up would enable us to see properly. He wears the colours of the devil, Reds and blacks showing hate, fire, torment and death. Also his face shows no fear, no feelings but pure untamed hate. He is just so slick and calm and as he speaks, there is a close up on his eyes. These ooze confidence and hold great hate and rage towards the Montagues. The camera then focuses on Benvolios eyes, which are the complete opposite to Tybalts. His eyes show a great fear of the other man, apprehension. All adding tension to the opening scene. On a half of body shot, Benvolio is seen putting away his sword (which in this 1997 film s actually a gun,) and in an effort tries to avoid conflict by stating I do only to keep the peace put up my sword. His voice shaky in the eerie silence. Then another facial close up on Tybalt, as he says, Peace, peace, I hate the word. As I hate hell. All Montagues. And thee. With no quivers only confidence and raw hate. The burning match is finally stamped out with the sound of the metal healed boots grinding at the concrete ground. This long gap between lighting the match and putting it out shows a great danger. This man means something; he alone stands for power and danger. Now a small boy, symbolising innocent bystanders at the market place, interrupts the silence. The boy just playing, shouting bang, bang triggering the attack. Tybalt draws, the music screeching. The shot looking up the barrel of tybalts gun as the word bang is said again. Showing he is willing to harm fellow citizens if need be. Now there is a range of many different camera shots, with electric music playing in the background. Tybalt does a lot of flamenco style movements, flowing, professional movements, as though he was fluent and skilled in the art. Very dramatic and serious movements, with no fear of being harmed. The Montagues begin to try to fight back, though not really succeeding. They are frightened; you can see it in their eyes. Tybalt moves almost fashionably, where as the Montagues dont really know what to do. They shoot, showing no passion or drive. Unlike Tybalt who shows both. Tybalt is calling the shots, and in a swift movement he throws down his coat and fits an aiming device. Kissing his gun with a loving passion. People are running, frightened. The Montagues flee, leaving Benvolio and Tybalt in the petrol station. Music still flaring giving added depth to the scene, petrol covering the ground. Tybalt zooms on to one of the fleeing Montagues, taking the shot, and injuring him. The camera looking down the guns barrel as the shot is fired, pointing into Tybalts eyes. With a flickering smile he drops the cigar from his mouth, landing in a pool of petrol and igniting it immediately, which during the whole scene showed how contented he was with conflict. Here Benvolio flees with Tybalt in pursuit. The flames escalate, symbolising the devastation to come. The flames show hate and anger. Every body around is affected by the fighting as symbolised by the flames. Affecting peoples livelihoods, every body is effected by these civil brawls. There is very dramatic music playing now, escalating the feeling of hate and friction between the two families. A poster is shown burning, once stating Montagues and Capulets 2nd civil brawl. This shows that it is over; hate has ended that, and born a third brawl, more powerful than the previous ones. A sign is also shown burning, Add more fuel to your fire. Showing that the public are affected, and that hate is the road to all evils, symbolising the devil and hell. The camera follows the flames upwards showing things will get worse, still with the music blasting. It moves up and through the smoke screen, the two houses can be seen dominating the skyline, with the image of Jesus between them. Still looking extravagant and wealthy after the brawl. Nothings really changed. The fire is burning as strong as their hate, causing public panic and confusion. Now short images are shown of police helicopters and vehicles flying between and around the towers and statue. The music still blearing. Shots are shown from alternate angles showing news reporters reporting the third civil brawl, again linking with the media. Ted Montague (the father-head of the house) rushes to the scene in his limo with registration plate being Montague, Verona beach. Again representing wealth and power. Once more fast flickering shots are shown of the fleeing public, panic stricken, confused. Police swarming to the scene in different kinds of vehicles now, and here with the music breaching a climax the shots slow down and return to facial close-ups. Tybalt and Benvolio are screaming at each other hate in their eyes, with no more fear left in Benvolios body only hate. Cars spread upon the road, utter havoc breached by the two feuding enemies. Guns are pointed at the couple from air and ground. They have no choice but to both walk forward and admit defeat, dropping their weapons to the ground. There is no music now just a loud boom as the weapons fall. Adrenalin at an ultimate climax for anybody watching. The range of shots along with the series of different sounds and music create an unforgettable opening, showing many of the different themes and aspects of the play/film to anybody watching.

Schutz?s theory Essay -- essays research papers

In today’s paper, I will be analysis personal relationship using Schutz’s theory of interpersonal needs. According to Communication Making Connection by William J. Seiler and Melissa L. Beall, Schutz’s theory implies that we have three needs: the need for affection, the need for inclusion, and the need for control. According to Schutz’s theory, the need for affection is the need to feel likeable or lovable. If various people like a specific person, that person has effectively fulfill this need and that need is referred as personal. Someone who is unable to fulfill this need is labeled either underpersonal or overpersonal. Personal individuals want to be liked, but they do not consider being liked by everyone essential for happiness. Underpersonal people avoid emotional commitments or involvement with others. Overpersonal individuals will often go to the extremes to ensure acceptance by others. It is my belief that, I am a personal individual. I’m the type of person that feels like I’m capable of dealing with anyone that I come in contact with. Many people that I’ve encounter over the years like my football teammate feel that I’m cocky; nevertheless I tell them that I’m just confident. My ex-girlfriend, shontell, on the other hand is more an overpersonal type of individual. She needs to be at the center of attention in order to ensure that she is acceptance by she peers. She will not make a decision without someone approval. According to Schutz’s theory, the interpersonal ne...

Compare Glory Glory Be to Chocolate

Compare and analyse ‘Glory Glory Be to Chocolate’ and ‘The Butcher’s Shop’ and how they represent the ideas/attitudes/feelings about food. In ‘Glory Glory Be to Chocolate’, John Agard emphasises the marvellous and remarkable feelings the author has towards chocolate. He exaggerates his attitudes on how he feels food should be spoken about, as he constantly repeats religious references such as ‘manifestations’. Using the lexis from the semantic field of religion is useful for the author to strain his response on how chocolate tastes so good.The lexis ‘manifestations’ is a metaphor in the text that portrays that the chocolate has embodied god, showing the Agard’s feelings that chocolate is that powerful to him. Also he wants to share it with the audience by using influential words to hypnotise the reader by appealing to their senses. For example in the citation ‘mouth-watering bars†¦ that ring the tastebud bells’, Agard lures human senses into making them create an image of the ‘butterscotch and caramel’ chocolate that seems so pleasurable, which is one of the aims of John Agard’s; to make people want to appreciate food like he does.However, ‘The Butcher’s Shop’ gives a very negative perspective towards food as Angela Topping uses negative connotations to reveal her ideas and attitudes towards food. Topping explains the darkness in the butcher shop, making the reader imagine them being in the butcher shop witnessing the killing of the innocent animals. The events of the butcher shop illustrate the horrifying truth of what happens to animals instead of the fake stories that children are told in books.Throughout the poem, the author constantly uses a political under tones to give her opinion on the political party which she disagrees with, such as ‘their porky heads voting Tory all their lives their blue rosettes discarded n ow. ’ Topping uses the lexis ‘Tory’ in a negative way, as she tries to give her own opinion on the party, as she is anti tory and is saying the butcher is Tory and doesn’t want change. The butcher doesn’t want change as he likes the way things are going and that animals are killed for slaughter, which makes the readers put the Tory party in a scandalous light.Furthermore, the ‘blue rosettes’ symbolise the Tory party which mainly consist of upper class people but also are the colour rosettes that are given to the best animals at competitions, which is ironic as the animals that get murdered are not actually winners in the end, and their rosettes mean nothing now. At the end of the poem ‘Glory Glory Be to Chocolate’, the last line is on its own stanza, to emphasise the importance of the sentence. By making it significant, Agard asks the audience a simple rhetorical question; ‘the makes every mouth a god? She uses the st raightforward lexis’ to question their views on if they think chocolate is ‘god-like’ which can create highly debatable conversations between people reading the poem. The use of the grammar also sums up the poem and gives the reader a clear choice as to whether they agree with his opinions of chocolate or disagree. By having ‘mouth a god’ in the sentence is a very strong term to have as it can create religious disagreements as some religions have more than one god and could create tension between some readers.In ‘The Butcher’s Shop’, the poem doesn’t flow like ‘Glory Glory Be to Chocolate’ as it has abrupt feel to it throughout the novel with many sentences stopping halfway through and carrying on the next line. Topping uses enjambment through the poem to portray the continuous killings of the animals, and that meat is never ending no matter how much people protest against the butchery and consumption of meat. This is shown in the citation ‘open-mouthed dignified in martyrs’ death.They hang stiff as Sunday manners. ’ In the poem, the stanzas are presented in different lengths, which could represent the different pigs hanging in the butchers shop. Plus, using the adjective ‘dignified’ is described in a sarcastic manner as the poet is saying the pigs are being killed for the greater good and using the term ‘Sunday manner’s exposes that its normal for people to have meat when having the traditional British Sunday dinner and that’s what the animals are killed for.In conclusion, ‘Glory Glory Be to Chocolate’ uses religious references to portray Agards true passion towards chocolate and uses language devices to underline the prominence positive attitude food gives. While ‘The Butcher’s Shop’ gives a cruel feeling towards food, as Topping uses child imagery to demonstrate that there is no innocence in the butch ery and that children’s stories are merely lies as to what happens to animals.

Business Statistic - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2009 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/16 Category Business Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI P E T RO NA S @t C OU R S E DATE TIME . GA B 2O13 B2133BUSINESS / SM STATISTTCS / QUANTITATIVE METHOD 27 MAY2008(TUESDAY) 2 . 3 0PM- 5. 30PM ( 3 hour s) INSTRUCTIONS CANDIDATES TO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Answer FIVE(5)outof SIX(6)questions theQuestion from Booklet. BeginEACHanswer a newpagein theAnswer on Booklet. lndicate clearly answers arecancelled,any. that if Whereapplicable, showclearly stepstakenin arriving the solutions at and indicate ALL assumptions. Do notopenthisQuestion Booklet until instructed. Note : ii. Thereare TWELVE(12)pagesin this Question Booklet including thecoverpage. Formula booklet be provided. will Univ er s j- t l Teknologi PETRONAS UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI P E T RO NA S @t C OU R S E DATE TIME GA B 2O13 82133. / SM BUSINESS STATISTICS / QUANTITATIVE METHOD 27 MAY2008(TUESDAY) 2 . 3 0PM- 5. 30PM ( 3 hour s) INSTRUCTIONS CANDIDATES TO 1. 2. 3. 4. Answer FIVE(5)outof SIX(6)questions theQuestion from Booklet. BeginEACHanswer a newpagein theA nswer on Booklet. lndicate clearly answers arecancelled,any. that if Whereapplicable, showclearly stepstakenin arriving the solutions at and indicate ALL assumptions. Do notopenthisQuestion Booklet until instructed. 5. Note : ii. Thereare TWELVE(12)pagesin this Question Booklet including thecoverpage. Formula booklet be provided. will Univ er s it l Teknologi PETRONAS a GAB2013/ B2133 SM Answerany FIVE(5) questions. ,r,/ I , ,/l / U_/ TABLE Ql reportsa frequency distribution mobilephone bills for a of sample 50 students Perakduringthe monthof April2008. of in T A BLEQl: M obile Phone Bills Amount(RM) 8 0 u p to 1 0 0 Frequency | | 3 100upto 120 1 2 0u p to 1 40 1 4 0 u p to 1 60 1 6 0u p to 1 80 1 8 0u p to 2 00 I | | | | 8 12 16 7 4 questions. Basedon the abovedata,answer following the i. phone th C a l cu l a te e me a nof the m obile bills. 3 marks] ii. the Calculate standard deviation. [3 marks] iii. Use the Empirical Ruleto estimate proportion billswithintwo the of standard deviations the mean. Whatare theselimits? of i o iV *i tzd tr, t3 marksl 2 , GAB2013/ B2133 SM t (i iv. According Chebyshev to Theorem leastwhat percent the bills at of w i l ll i e b e tw e e n M 101 and 180. 56? R . 84 [3 marks] v. Calculate rangeof the sample? the [2 marks] vi. youranswer. Whatis the mode? Interpret [2 marks] v i i. yo C o mp a re u r ca l culated ean and m ode. W hat conclusion m can you makewith regards the skewness? to [2 marksj viii. Whatis the probability a students will exceedRM 160? that bill [2 marks] L GAB2013/SM B2133 2. a. purchased typesof mutual An investor two fund namelylttikal Fund and lslamicDividend Fund. The objective was to achievesteady growth capital overthe medium longterm periodby investing a to in portfolio investments of that complywith ShariahPrinciples. The probabilitythat the funds will appreciate are 0. 7 and 0. 6 respectively. What is the probability bothfundswill appreciate that during the period? [2 marks] ii. What is the p robability that lttikalFund will appreciate but l sl a mi c i vi dend D Fundwillnot appr eciate ing per iod? ur the [3 marks] ilt . What is the probability that at least one of the funds will appreciate? [3 marks] b. UniPrestige classifies graduates FirstClass,SecondClass her as Upperand SecondClassLowerin the proportions 30 percent, of 50 percentand 20 percentrespectively. UniPrestige very proudof is their graduates employability. The probabilitya First Class g ra d u a te s u n e mployed m onthsafter gr aduation 0. 01, the i 3 is probability SecondClassUppergraduate unemployed months is 3 after graduation 0. 03 and the probability is SecondClass Lower g ra d u a te s u n e mployed m onthsafter gr aduation 0. 0. M r i 3 is Azman,a fresh graduate from UniPrestige unemployed is after 3 mo n th s f g ra d u a tion. o i. Wh a t i s th e pr obability that M r Azm an is a Fir st Class student? [4 marks] GAB 2013/SM B2133 ii. What is the probability that Mr Azman is a SecondClass U p p e r d ent? stu [4 marks] iii. What is the probability that Mr Azman is a SecondClass Lowerstudent? [4 marks] A GAB2013/SM B2133 Research has shownthat mostcar drivers are unableto ell the difference products PETRONAS Lubricant and the exclusive between brandsin the Nevertheless research has also suggested upperend marketsegments. dentify sampleone of these that 90%-of the car driverscan correctly a products. studyis conducted investigate matterand a sampleof to this A were selected. drivers 1! 9_car a. would be appropriate the above What probability distribution for youranswer. situation? Justify [2 marks] b. r G, wouldyou expect correctly How manyof the 15 drivers to identify PETRONAS brands othenlrise? or [2 marks] 10 Whatis the probability exactly of the drivers surveyed will the brand.? correctly identify PETRONAS [3 marks] c. d. Whatis the probability least10 of the drivers at surveyed will correctly identify PETRONAS the brands? 5 marks] you havedecided use Poisson probaL,ility to Suppose distribution to findthe probability the aboveproblem. for What is the probability at least 1 of the drivers surveyed will correctly identify the PETRONAS? [4 marks] wouldthe difference shouldyou decideto use How significant be Normal approximation part(e). in ( . hf, r h . [4 marks] 6fl =-ft e. l. -==-.. _/ i o ) GAB2013/SM B2133 4. According a recentsurvey, to Malaysians a meanof 7-hours sleep get of per night. A randomsampleof 50 students a publicuniversity at revealed the mean hours of sleep last night was 6 hours and 4g minutes(6. g hours). The standard deviation the sample of was 0. 9 hours. a. Statethe nulland alternate hypotheses. [2 marks] yourchoice the particular b. Justify for distribution used. [2 marks] c. Statethe decision rule,assuming s% significance a levelis used. [3 marks] d. Calculate valuefor the teststatistic. the [4 marks] e. ls it reasonable conclude to that students the particular at university sleeplessthanthe average Malaysian? [3 marks] f . ListFOUR(4) majorcharacteristics the t-distribution. of [6 marks] c GAB2013/SM B2133 5. a. A concern that usuallyariseswhen designing statistical a studyis to determining number itemsin the sample. sampleis too the of lf large,moneyis wastedcollecting data. Similarly the sampleis the if too small,the resulting conclusions be uncertain. THREE will List (3) factors determine sample the to size. [3 marks] h proportion to be within of Giventhat the estimate the population is plusor minus0. 10,with a 99 percent levelof confidence. best The proportion 0. 45. Determine sample estimate the population is of the sizerequired. [3 marks] farmwantsto estimate meannumber The ownerof a chicken the of A eggs laid per chicken. sampleof 20 chickens showsthey laid an average 20 eggs per monthwith a standard of deviation 2 eggs of per month i. . O^ v = LO S= A 2- meanif any? lf thereis none Whatis the valueof the population for whatis the bestestimate thisvalue? [3 marks] ii. interval, Fora 95 percen t confidence whatis the valueof ? [3 marks] ilt . Developthe 95 percentconfidence interval the population for me a n . [4 marks] iv. to Wouldit be reasonable conclude that the population mean is youranswer. 21 eggs? Justify [4 marks] t pt GAB2013/SM B2133 L i. o. a. at The Fridgehas six salesrepresentatives its lpoh outlet. Listed sold by each sales below is the number of refrigerators last representative month. Salesrepresentative TranAn Thu H o n gC h a o Anat Ratanapol T o n g ch a i idee Ja AntonHaig JackyTroy Num ber sold 52 (, 52 54 4B 50 50 L of How manysamples sizetwo are possible? [2 marks] ii. of the mean Selectall possible samples size two and compute n u mb e r l d . so [4 marks] ilt . the meansintoa frequency Organize sample distribution. [2 marks] lv. the mean of the population Calculate and the mean of the sa mp l e a n s. me [4 marks] Whatis the shapeof the population distribution? [2 marks] vt. Whatis the shapeof the distribution the samplemean? of [2 marks] q GA B2013/SM B2133 o. omputer, of The manufacturer eMachines,an economically-priced top the designfor a new laptop model. eMachines recently completed Two in the new laptop. wouldlike some assistance pricing management and asked to preparea pricing firms were contacted marketresearch tested the new eMachineslaptop with 150 Wee-Get-lt-Done strategy. a that they planto purchase who indicated consumers selected randomly laptop within the next year. The second marketingresearchfirm laptopwith 100 currentlaptop testedthe new eMachines Researchrus, will be test results research companies Whichof the marketing owners. hv. Discuss moreuseful? [4 marks] ENDOF PAPER 10 KEY FORMULAS Lind. Marchal. and Wathen StatisticalTechniques Business in and Economics, l3th edition CHAPTER 3 . Population mean . Softwarecoefficient skewness of ck= n p: . Sample mean, raw data ,_ . Weighted mean r . Geometric mean N I3-11 CHAPTER 5 (n-1)(n-2)Lz s | /Y- Y31 l Sl :- :l | | /l l4-31 . Special rule of addition n 13-21 . Complement rule P(A or B) : P(A) + P(B) I5-21 I5-31 IHl wr Xr + w2 X2 + . + wn xn w1 + w2 + + wn P (A =1-P (-A ) tHI . General rule of addition P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) P(A and B) GM= V6JXJW-6) Geometric mean rate of increase n^ ,f Vluat end of period V Value at start of period . Range Range : Largestvalue Smallest value . Mean deviation t3-41 . S peci alrul e of mul ti pl i cati on P(A and B) = P(A)P(B) l5-5I [3-5] . Generalrul e of mul ti pl i cati on P(A and B) = P(A)P(B A) . B ayesTheorem IH1 tH1 P (A l l B ) : . Multiplication{ormula P ( A . I. P ( B l A i P(A) . P(BIA) + P(A) . P(B A2) Is-71 *;lx xl MD n . Population variance o , :2 ( X . Population standard deviation v) 2 t3-7) Total arrangemenls = (m)(n) . Number of permutations IH] IHl e: n . Number of combinations D! @-l l 5-eI t3-el . S a m p l e v a r ia n ce [3-10] - nl t1(n-r)t [5-1 0] CHAPTER 6 . Mean of a probabilitydistribution r, = ;[xP[v)] . Variance of a probabilitydistribution n-1 z= ) fi- X) z . Sample standard deviation 16-1I [3-11] Sample mean, grouped data ,, 2fM o:;l (x-p)P E )l . Binomial probability distribution P(x) = ,C,d(1 n)n-x l6-21 tHI :; Sample standard deviation,grouped data [3-12] . Mean of a binomial distribution p: nr tHl -r) o Varianceof a binomial distribution [3-13] o2:nn(l I6-51 CHAPTER 4 o Location of a percentile p Le-(n+1) . Pearsonscoefficientof skewness , 3 ( X M e d ia n ) q Hypergeometricprobabilitydistribution ePa;: GCJ(lv sc-) uCn tffi1 i0 0 L4-11 . Poisson probability distribution PF) : r;{a-ts IG. 7] 14-21 l1 CHAPTER 7 . Meanof a uniform distribution a+D a . Testinga mean, o unknown [7-1 ] . S t a n d a r dd e via tio no f a u n iform distribution _X p s/th . Test of hypothesis,one proportion z l-=;- = in( | T/ 1i- 11o-21 E4 . Uniform probability distribution 12 17-21 . Type ll error tlHl PE)= iI a x b b-a -l. Normal probability distribution t7-3I CHAPTEB 11 Irt , =X, o/rfn . Varianceof the distributionof difference in means t1o_a1 nd 0 elsewhere prvr _L i++l = gvzT . Standard normal value a:- o? -4 r 1 n1 n2 174l . Two-sampletest of means, known o X t-X z [1 1-1] 111-21 /-u [7-5] . Two-sampletest of proportions z= i CHAPTER 8 . Standard errorof mean ip,f n1 p) p,(1 p,) f [1 1-3] n2 -v G . z-value, p and o known 0 tB-11 . Pooled proporlion 1 -A t n:_ n1 + n2 [11-4j .=x-Y o/:,6 CHAPTER 9 . Confidence intervalfor p, with o known x* z a, 18-21 . Pooled variance ^) (n, 1)s! + (n, 1)s! nt+nz,2 1 11 -51 l$-11 . Two-sampletest of means, unknown but equal o . Confidence intervalfor p, o unknown n t fi r Sam nlp nr^n^ri;nn 11-â‚ ¬] te-21 . Two-sampletests of means, unknown and unequal o v- X n ,:++ . / a +: r flt n2 [1 1-7] l$-31 . Confidence intervalfor proportion ,- . ^ . Degreesof freedom for unequal variance test u/ Ftt-a n ,,_l ts1/ni + gl /n 112 (si/nl nt-1 , (si/n2) nz-1 tH1 . Pairedt test [11-8] . Sample size for estimating mean ( zo Y ,= F / . Sample size for proportion / 2 Ie-5] CHAPTER 12 . Testf or comparing variances two IH] ^2 [11-ej n p(j C H A P TER O 1 . Testing a mean, o known p)(= r/ -s! . Sum of squares,total Ltz-tJ ,= X -. ^ o/vG [1o-1 ] SStntal :s/Y-Y2 .G/ I t. -z) 1 ) Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Business Statistic" essay for you Create order